Single-Stage Sinus Augmentation With Cancellous Iliac Bone and Anorganic Bovine Bone in the Presence of Platelet-Rich Plasma in the Miniature Pig

Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the osseointegration of dental implants and bone formation in maxillary sinus grafting with autologous and anorganic bovine bone in the presence of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in an established animal model.

Material and Methods: We performed bilateral maxillary sinus augmentation with 50% anorganic bovine bone and simultaneously inserted a titanium screw implant in five minature pigs. Six hundred microlitre autologous PRP were added to the left side (test). The right side (no PRP) served as control. Polychrome sequential labeling was performed. The animals were sacrificed 6 weeks after surgery. Undecalcified ground sections were evaluated by microradiography, digitized histomorphometry and under fluorescent light.

Results: The mean bone implant content in the test and control group was 8.4% and 17.3% respectively (P=0.042). The mean height of newly formed mineralized bone in the augmented area of the test group was 3.6 mm and 5.7 mm respectively (P=0.342). In the PRP group, the mean area of newly formed bone in the base of the sinus was enhanced (75.23%) as compared to the control side (51.8%) (P=0.020(*)).

Conclusion: Although PRP enhanced bone formation at the base of the maxillary sinus, it neither improved osseointegration of dental implants nor bone in-growth into the bone substitute under the selected experimental conditions.