Joint Commission Destination Therapy Certification: Is the 2nd Verse the Same as the First? (EP Video)

These results suggest that detected intracardiac air represents residual "air," with carbon dioxide already absorbed. Therefore, the use of conventional de‐airing procedures needs reconsideration: air and buoyant bubbles should be removed from the heart before they are expelled into the aorta; this requires timely and precise assessment with transesophageal echocardiography and effective collaboration between surgeons, anesthesiologists, and perfusionists.