Aortic Stenosis v.1
Aortic Stenosis Rheumatic heart disease and calcification deposits due to age (senile calcific aortic stenosis) are the most common pathologic conditions associated […]
Desmopressin v.1
Desmopressin Desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) is a synthetic analog of vasopressin and like ADH, epinephrine, and insulin, releases a variety of hemostatically active […]
Protamine Reaction v1
I. DESCRIPTION: Following cardiopulmonary bypass with heparin anticoagulation, protamine sulfate is used to neutralize the effects of heparin and reverse anticoagulation. Currently […]
Depolarization- Repolarization
Depolarization- Repolarization Resting membrane Potential (RMP) Electrical potential of cell at rest. Above example is cardiac muscle tissue. Action Potential The five […]
HIT
Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia I. DESCRIPTION: Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) and heparin induced thrombocytopenia thrombosis syndrome (HITTS) are immune mediated complications of heparin […]
Cardiac Conduction System
Normal Conduction System Function 1. To generate rhythmical impulses. 2. To conduct the impulses throughout the myocardium. Normal Conductive Tissue Specialized muscle […]
Cold Agglutinins v.1
I. BACKGROUND: Hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass with the use of cold blood cardioplegia carries with it the risk of red cell agglutination caused […]
Myocardial Flow & Oxygen Supply
Myocardial Flow & Oxygen Supply Vessels on the epicardial surface of the heart are considered to be conductance vessels and under […]
Coagulopathies & Treatment
Coagulopathies & Treatment The most common cause of intraoperative coagulopathy is thrombocytopenia (decrease in platelet count) secondary to hemodilution. Blood loss that […]
Activated Clotting Time (ACT)
Activated Clotting Time (ACT) The ACT is a standardized measurement of the patients procoagulation or anticoagulation level. The unit of measurement is […]
Hemostasis Assays [v.1]
Partial Thromboplastin Time (Activated) The activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is test that overlaps the prothrombin time (both evaluate the common pathway), […]
Heparin (v.1)
HEPARIN ONSET: Maximal at 1 minute past atrial delivery: Measured at radial artery. Note: 10-20% reduction in svr without affecting […]