Coronary Artery Spasm Following On-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting with 20 Months Follow-Up
The gold standard for revealing coronary artery spasm (CAS) is emergency coronary angiography (CAG) . Infusion of vasodilators combined with IABP is adequate in most instances, but extracorporeal membrane oxygenation has been necessary for more extensive or resistant coronary spasm.