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Reduced Systemic Nitric Oxide Bioavailability Parallels Microvascular Endothelial Dysfunction during Cardiopulmonary Bypass
The impairment of microvascular endothelial function during CPB in cardiac surgery for the correction of congenital heart defects appears to be related to a reduced systemic bioavailability of NO, resulting from the inflammatory and pro-oxidative response typical of this surgical procedure.
Weaning from Cardiopulmonary Bypass, Decannulation, and Closure
Although thoracotomy or newer, less-invasive options such as peripheral cannulation are being used more frequently for minimally invasive cardiac surgery, surgical access through a median sternotomy and central cannulation remain the cornerstones of cardiac surgery and residency training. It is of utmost importance to wean the patient properly from cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). This video tutorial discusses weaning the patient from CPB, decannulation, and closure of the sternotomy, and describes the safeguards and pitfalls of weaning from CPB.