Although preoperative hyponatremia is independently associated with adverse outcomes in patients with normal ejection fraction, an association with adverse outcomes in patients with low ejection fraction was not demonstrated.
Refinement in transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) technology should not only focus on miniaturisation and improving flexibility of the delivery systems and/or devices -which may have the potential for decreasing aortic dissection, annular rupture, and tamponade- but also incorporate modifications to prevent embolisation/dislocation of the valve.