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Toll-like Receptor 9 and the Inflammatory Response to Surgical Trauma and Cardiopulmonary Bypass
CPB, surgical trauma and ischemic perfusion injury trigger the release of circulating mtDNA that activates TLR-9, in turn stimulating a release of IL-6. Therefore, TLR-9 antagonists may attenuate this response and may provide a future therapeutic target whereby the systemic inflammatory response to cardiac surgery may be manipulated to improve clinical outcomes.
The Cost of Open Heart Surgery in Nigeria
Open Heart Surgery (OHS) is not commonly practiced in Nigeria and most patients who require OHS are referred abroad. There has recently been a resurgence of interest in establishing OHS services in Nigeria but the cost is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the direct cost of OHS procedures in Nigeria.
Does the Right Internal Thoracic Artery or Saphenous Vein Graft Offer Superior Revascularization of the Right Coronary Artery?
Overall, and in view of the methodological limitations and the different weight of evidence among studies, it appears that the SVG may offer a superior outcome for revascularization of the RCA when compared with the RITA.
