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Cardiothoracic Anesthesia and Critical Care in the United Kingdom (UK) Part 1: Some Insights Into the History and Development
In addition to advances in medical equipment, such as computed tomography, the UK contributed greatly to pharmacologic interventions that were unique at the time in such varied areas as nonflammable volatile anesthetic agents, heart failure treatments, and neuromuscular blocking agents for both cardiac and thoracic surgical practice.
Hyperkalemic Cardioplegia for Adult and Pediatric Surgery: End of an Era?
This review provides a brief history of high K(+) cardioplegia, five areas of increasing concern with prolonged membrane K(+) depolarization, and the basic science and clinical data underpinning a new normokalemic, "polarizing" cardioplegia comprising adenosine and lidocaine (AL) with magnesium (Mg(2+)) (ALM™).
Conventional Hemofiltration During Cardiopulmonary Bypass Increases the Serum Lactate Level in Adult Cardiac Surgery
This observational study evaluates the effect of hemofiltration during cardiopulmonary bypass on lactate level in adult patients who underwent cardiac surgery.