Effect of Ultrafiltration on Extravascular Lung Water Assessed by Lung Ultrasound in Children Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Prospective Study

Although other industries have recognized the importance of considering human factors in the design of machines to reduce operator error, the evolution of the CPB machine over the past half-century has been characterized by incremental modifications of component parts with attention principally to mechanical efficiency and biocompatibility, but with little awareness of the impact of design changes on the human user.