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Percutaneous Closure of a Patent Foramen Ovale to Prevent Paradoxical Thromboembolism in a Patient With a Continuous-Flow LVAD
Strategies to diagnose PFO at the time of LVAD implantation and physiological implications of a right-to-left atrial shunt during mechanical unloading of the failing left ventricle are reviewed.
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Patient Blood Management In The Cardiac Surgical Setting: An Updated Overview
In cardiac surgical patients it is a complex challenge to find the ideal balance between anticoagulation and hemostasis. Preoperative anemia and perioperative higher transfusion rates are related to increased morbidity and mortality. Patient blood management (PBM) is an evidence based patient specific individualized protocol used in the perioperative setting in order to reduce perioperative bleeding and transfusion rates and to improve patient outcomes.
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